NFC

Unicode Normalizer

Normalize Unicode text using the NFC, NFD, NFKC or NFKD forms.

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About this tool

Apply Unicode normalization forms to text and compare the code-point count before and after, all in your browser.

What is the difference between NFC and NFD?

NFC composes characters into single code points where possible, while NFD decomposes them into base letters plus combining marks.

What do the K forms do?

NFKC and NFKD apply compatibility mapping, turning characters like the ligature fi or ① into their plain equivalents.